D-amphetamine boosts language learning independent of its cardiovascular and motor arousing effects

Breitenstein C, Wailke S, Bushuven S, Kamping S, Zwitserlood P, Ringelstein EB, Knecht S

Forschungsartikel (Zeitschrift) | Peer reviewed

Zusammenfassung

D-Amphetamine ( AMPH) was effective in a number of studies on motor and language recovery after stroke, but given safety concerns, its general use after stroke is still debated. Most stroke patients are excluded from treatment because of a significant risk of cardiovascular dysregulation. AMPH acts on multiple transmitter systems, and mainly the noradrenergic actions are related to the cardiovascular effects. If AMPH's cardiovascular and arousal effects were correlated with its plasticity-enhancing effects in humans, this would imply that desired and undesired effects are inevitably tied. If not, improved cerebral reorganization may not be mediated by AMPH's arousing effects and could be achieved with substances lacking the undesired cardiovascular effects. As a model for language recovery after stroke, we used a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design and taught 40 healthy male subjects an artificial vocabulary of 50 concrete nouns over the course of five consecutive training days ( high-frequency training). The associative learning principle involved higher co-occurrences of 'correct' picture-pseudoword pairings as compared to 'incorrect' pairings. Subjects received either AMPH ( 0.25 mg/kg) or placebo 90 min prior to training on each day. Novel word learning was significantly faster and better in the AMPH as compared to the placebo group. Increased learning success was maintained 1 month post-training. No correlation was found between training success and drug-induced increases in blood pressure, heart rate, or a facilitation of simple motor reaction time. Our data show that AMPH's plasticity-enhancing effect in humans is not related to its cardiovascular arousal. This suggests that the beneficial effects in stroke patients could also be obtained by less cardiovascular active drugs.

Details zur Publikation

FachzeitschriftNeuropsychopharmacology (Neuropsychopharmacology)
Jahrgang / Bandnr. / Volume29
Ausgabe / Heftnr. / Issue9
Seitenbereich1704-1714
StatusVeröffentlicht
Veröffentlichungsjahr2004 (30.09.2004)
Sprache, in der die Publikation verfasst istEnglisch
DOI10.1038/sj.npp.1300464
Stichwörterstroke D-amphetamine aphasia neuronal plasticity memory consolidation positron-emission-tomography induced dopamine release double-blind memory consolidation promotes recovery cortex injury noradrenergic systems aphasia therapy negative affect part ii

Autor*innen der Universität Münster

Zwitserlood, Pienie
Professur für Psycholinguistik und kognitive Neurowissenschaft (Prof. Zwitserlood)